Control method for memory device

ABSTRACT

According to one embodiment, a method of controlling a memory device includes supplying a second potential having a first value to a second electrode and simultaneously, or thereafter, supplying a third potential to a third electrode, and thereafter stopping supply of the third potential such that the potential of the third electrode decays while reducing the potential of the second electrode, and thereafter supplying a first potential to the first electrode.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/526,589, filed on Jul. 30, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/910,410, filed on Mar. 2, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,424,348, granted on Sep. 24, 2019, which is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-173233, filed Sep. 8, 2017, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

Embodiments described herein relate generally to a control method for a memory device.

BACKGROUND

The development of a memory device that includes memory cells disposed three-dimensionally is ongoing. For example, a NAND memory device has a memory cell array with a three-dimensional structure including a plurality of stacked electrode layers and channel layers penetrating the electrode layers in a stacking direction. Different potentials are applied to the plurality of electrode layers, respectively, and the memory cell array is driven by potential differences between the electrode layers and the channel layers. To increase a degree of integration of the memory cell array having such a configuration, it is typically effective to make the electrode layers thinner so as to increase the number of stacked electrode layers and to make the interlayer insulating layers electrically isolating the electrode layers from one another thinner. However, making the electrode layers thinner increases the electrical resistance of the electrode layers, which is disadvantageous, and making the interlayer insulating films thinner disadvantageously increases the parasitic capacitances between the electrode layers. This will cause a delay in operating speed within the memory cell array and possible cause memory cells to malfunction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a memory device according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams showing the memory device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by the memory device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by a memory device according to a first comparative example.

FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by a memory device according to a first modification of an embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an operation performed by a memory device according to a second modification of an embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by the memory device according to a second modification of the embodiment.

FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a memory device according to a second comparative example.

FIG. 8B is a timing chart showing an operation performed by this memory device.

FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by a memory device according to a third modification of an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In general, according to one embodiment, a method of controlling a memory device includes supplying a second potential having a first value to a second electrode and simultaneously, or thereafter, supplying a third potential to a third electrode, and thereafter stopping supply of the third potential such that the potential of the third electrode decays while reducing the potential of the second electrode, and thereafter supplying a first potential to a first electrode.

Embodiments will be described hereinafter with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same aspects are denoted by the same reference signs and the detailed description of the repeated aspects may be omitted as appropriate, and different aspects will be described. It is noted that the drawings are either schematic or conceptual and the relationship between a thickness and a width of each section, a proportion of magnitudes of sections, and the like are not necessarily identical to actual devices. Furthermore, the same aspects may be illustrated with different sizes or different proportions depending on the drawing.

Moreover, a disposition and a configuration of each section will be described using an X-axis, a Y-axis, and a Z-axis shown in the drawings. The X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are orthogonal to one another and represent an X direction, a Y direction, and a Z direction, respectively. The description will be often given while assuming that the positive Z direction is an upward direction and an opposite direction thereto is a lower direction.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a memory cell array MCA of a memory device 1 according to an embodiment. The memory device 1 is, for example, a NAND nonvolatile memory device and includes memory cells disposed three-dimensionally therein.

As shown in FIG. 1, the memory device 1 includes a conductive layer (hereinafter, “source layer 10”), selection gates SGS, word lines WL, and selection gates SGD. The selection gates SGS are stacked on the source layer 10 with interlayer insulating films 20 therebetween. The word lines WL are stacked on the selection gates SGS with interlayer insulating films 20 therebetween. The selection gates SGD are stacked on the word lines WL with interlayer insulating films 20 therebetween. The selection gates SGS, the word lines WL, and the selection gates SGD have a two dimensional layout in the X and Y directions.

The selection gates SGD are divided into two groups spaced from each other in the X direction by, for example, an insulating layer 30. The insulating layer 30 is provided above the word lines WL and extends in the Y direction. Owing to this, selection gates SGDA and SGDB are disposed side by side over the word lines WL. The selection gates SGDA and SGDB include, for example, a plurality of selection gates SGD.

The source layer 10 is, for example, a P-well provided on a silicon substrate (not shown). Alternatively, the source layer 10 may be a polysilicon layer or a metal layer provided on a silicon substrate (not shown) with an interlayer insulating film (not shown) therebetween. The selection gates SGS, the word lines WL, and the selection gates SGD are metal layers containing, for example, tungsten (W). The interlayer insulating films 20 and the insulating layer 30 are electric insulators containing, for example, silicon oxide.

The memory device 1 also includes a plurality of columnar bodies CL. The columnar bodies CL penetrate through the selection gates SGS, the word lines WL, and the selection gates SGD, and extend in the Z direction that is a stacking direction of the columnar bodies CL. The memory device 1 further includes a plurality of bit lines BL and a source line SL provided above the selection gates SGD.

The columnar bodies CL are each electrically connected to one bit line BL through a contact plug V1. For example, one of the columnar bodies CL that share the selection gate SGDA and one of the columnar bodies CL that share the selection gate SGDB are electrically connected to one bit line BL. The source line SL is electrically connected to the source layer 10 by a source contact LI. The source contact L1 is a flat conductive body that extends in the Y direction and the Z direction alongside surfaces of the stacked selection gates SGS, word lines WL and selection gates SGD.

For ease of illustrating a structure of the memory device 1, FIG. 1 does not show an insulating layer 23 that is provided between the source contact L1 and the word lines WL and selection gates SGS, and SGD, and an interlayer insulating film 25 provided between the selection gate SGD and the bit lines BL (see FIG. 2B).

FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams showing the memory device 1 according to the embodiment. FIG. 2A is a block diagram showing a configuration of the memory device 1. FIG. 2B is a schematic sectional diagram showing part of the memory device 1 sectioned along an X-Z plane.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the memory device 1 includes the memory cell array MCA, a sense amplifier SA, a row decoder RD, and a control unit CU. The sense amplifier SA is electrically connected to the memory cell array MCA through the bit lines BL. The row decoder RD is electrically connected to the memory cell array through the gate interconnections GL. The control unit CU controls operation of the memory cell array MCA through the sense amplifier SA and the row decoder RD.

The sense amplifier SA, the row decoder RD, and the control unit CU are provided in a circuit disposed, for example, around the periphery of the memory cell array MCA. Furthermore, the sense amplifier SA, the row decoder RD, and the control unit CU are not necessarily disposed in the circuit as regions separated from one another, but the circuit may include functions of the sense amplifier SA, the row decoder RD, and the control unit CU as a whole.

As shown in FIG. 2B, a plurality of electrode layers are stacked on the source layer 10 with the interlayer insulating films 20 located between adjacent electrode layers in the Z direction. The plurality of electrode layers is electrically connected to the row decoder RD through the gate interconnections GL (FIG. 2A). The plurality of electrode layers function as the selection gates SGS, the word lines WL, and the selection gates SGD, having potentials supplied thereto from, for example, the row decoder RD. In this example, the electrode layers include, in order from the source layer 10, selection gates SGSB and SGS, word lines WLS0, WLS1, WL, WLD1, and WLD0, and the selection gates SGD. The word lines WLS0, WLS1, WLD1, and WLD0 are so-called dummy word lines.

The columnar bodies CL penetrate the electrode layers in the Z direction and each includes, for example, a semiconductor layer 40, an insulating layer 50, and an insulating core 60. The insulating core 60 extends in the Z direction within each columnar body CL. The semiconductor layer 40 surrounds the side surfaces of the insulating core 60 and extends in the Z direction along the insulating core 60. The insulating layer 50 extends in the Z direction between the electrode layers and the semiconductor layer 40. The insulating layer 50 surrounds the side surfaces of the semiconductor layer 40.

The memory device 1 includes semiconductor channels 70 provided between, for example, the source layer 10 and the columnar bodies CL. The semiconductor channels 70 each penetrate the selection gate SGSB in the Z direction and electrically connects the source layer 10 to the semiconductor layer 40. Furthermore, the source contact L1 penetrates and divides the electrode layers in the X direction and is connected to the source layer 10. An insulating layer 23 is provided between the source contact L1 and the electrode layers to electrically isolate the source contact L1 from the electrode layers.

In the memory device 1, the memory cells MC are formed where a semiconductor layer 40 penetrates a word line WL. In each insulating layer 50, that portion located between the semiconductor layer 40 and a word line WL functions as a charge retention layer of a corresponding memory cell MC. The semiconductor layer 40 functions as a channel shared among a plurality of memory cells MC, while each word line WL functions as a control gate of a memory cell MC along the semiconductor layer 40.

The insulating layer 50 has, for example, an ONO structure in which a first silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, and a second silicon oxide film are stacked in sequence from the word lines WL to the semiconductor layer 40, and the insulating layer retains electric charges injected from the semiconductor layer 40 by a potential difference between the word line WL and the semiconductor layer 40, and it also releases the electric charges to the semiconductor layer 40.

Further, selection transistors STS are provided in portions where the semiconductor layer 40 and the semiconductor channel 70 penetrate a plurality of selection gates SGS. In addition, selection transistors STD are provided in portions where the semiconductor layer 40 penetrates a plurality of selection gates SGD. The semiconductor layer 40 also functions as the channel of the selection transistors STD and STS, and the selection gates SGS and SGD function as gate electrodes of the selection transistors STD and STS, respectively. The part of the insulating film 50 located between the semiconductor layer 40 and the selection gates SGS and between the semiconductor layer 40 and the selection gates SGD functions as a gate insulating film. Moreover, a gate insulating film, which is not specifically depicted, is provided between the selection gate SGSB and the semiconductor channel 70.

FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by the memory device 1 according to an embodiment. For example, predetermined potentials are supplied from the row decoder RD to the word lines WL, WLD0, and WLD1 and the selection gates SGDA and SGDB. The operation performed by the memory device 1 will now be described while assuming that a first potential V₁ is supplied to the word line WL and the word line WLD1, a second potential V₂ is supplied to the word line WLD0, a third potential V₃ is supplied to the selection gate SGDA, and a fourth potential V₄ is supplied to the selection gate SGDB.

In an example shown in FIG. 3, data is written to the memory cells MC during a period from time T₀ to T₆. Procedures for writing data to the memory cells MC will now be described with reference to FIG. 3.

It is assumed that the memory cells MC to which data is written are disposed in, for example, the semiconductor layers penetrating the selection gate SGDA. In the following description, it is assumed, for example, that the selection gate SGDA is SGD_(SEL) and the other drain-side selection gate, for example, the selection gate SGDB, is SGD_(USEL). It is also assumed that the selection transistor including the selection gate SGD_(SEL) is STD_(SEL), and the selection transistor including the selection gate SGD_(USEL) is STD_(USEL). Furthermore, it is assumed that the word line WL connected to the memory cells MC selected to write data thereto is WL_(SEL) and other word lines WL are WL_(USEL).

First, at time T₁, the second potential V₂ is supplied to the word line WLD0. The second potential V₂ is continuously applied to the word line WLD0 until time T₆.

Next, at time T₂, the third potential V₃ is supplied to the selection gate SGD_(SEL) and the fourth potential V₄ is supplied to the selection gate SGD_(USEL). As a result, both the selection transistors STD_(SEL) and STD_(USEL) are turned on. Here, a potential of the bit lines (Prog) connected to the channel layers (semiconductor layers 40) of the memory cells MC selected to write data thereto is zero V, and a potential of 0.2 V is supplied to the bit lines (Inhibit) connected to the channel layers (semiconductor layers 40) shared only among the unselected memory cells MC.

Next, at time T₃, supply of the third potential V₃ and the fourth potential V₄ to the selection gates SGD_(SEL) and SGD_(USEL) is stopped. The third potential V₃ and the fourth potential V₄ thereby fall off, and the voltage value decays from the applied potential to a lower potential to turn off the selection transistors STD_(SEL) and STD_(USEL). Voltage decay results in a gradual reduction of the voltage value over a period of time, and may occur as a result of stopping the application of a voltage to a conductor, such as a selection gate or word line. In this way, in a period from the time T₂ to T₃, the selection gates SGD_(SEL) and SGD_(USEL) are turned on, so that carriers are discharged from the semiconductor layers 40. This can facilitate boosting potentials of the semiconductor layers 40 in a state in which the selection transistors STD_(USEL) and STS are turned off.

Subsequently, at time T₄, the first potential V₁ is supplied to the word lines WL penetrated by the semiconductor layers 40 including the selected memory cells MC and to the word line WLD1. At this time, the first potential V₁ is, for example, a potential V_(pass) for turning on memory cell transistors. At the same time, a potential V₃′ is supplied to the selection gate SGD_(SEL) to turn on the selection transistor STD_(SEL). The potential V₃′ is lower than the potential V₃ and is, for example, 0.2 V.

Next, at time T₅, the potential of the word line WL_(SEL) connected to the selected memory cells MC is increased to the potential V₁′. The potential V₁′ is, for example, a program voltage V_(PG). For example, data can be written to the selected memory cells MC by injecting carriers to the charge retention layers of the selected memory cells MC. The potential V₁′ is applied until, for example, time T₆.

From the time T₁ to T₆, a potential of, for example, 0.2 V is supplied to the selection gates SGS. Owing to this, the selection transistors STS are turned off. From the time T₄ to T₆, the selection transistor STD_(USEL) is turned off. Therefore, the potential of the semiconductor layers 40 penetrating the selection gate SGD_(USEL) becomes a floating potential. Furthermore, the potential of the semiconductor layers 40 connected to the bit lines BL (Inhibit) is 0.2 V even where the semiconductor layers 40 penetrate the selection gate SGD_(SEL). Owing to this, a potential difference between the potential V₃′ of the selection gate SGD_(SEL) and the potential of the semiconductor layers 40 is narrowed and the selection transistor STD_(SEL) connected to the bit lines BL (Inhibit) is turned off. As a result, the potential of the semiconductor layers 40 connected to the bit lines BL (Inhibit) become the floating potential. Owing to this, the potential of the semiconductor layers 40 other than those that function as the channel layers of the selected memory cells MC becomes the floating potential, and the potential is boosted to follow, for example, the potential supplied to the word lines WL. Therefore, even if the program voltage V_(PG) is supplied to the word lines WL, then the potential difference between the word lines WL and the semiconductor layers 40 is narrowed, and data is not written to unselected memory cells MC.

FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by a memory device according to a first comparative example. In this example, at the time T₄ the second potential V₂ is supplied to the word line WLD0. That is, the second voltage V₂ is supplied to the word line WLD0 synchronously with the first potential V₁ supplied to the other word lines WL. The word line WLD0 is the word line WL closest to the selection gate SGD, and a parasitic capacitance CDs (see FIG. 2B) is present between the word line WLD0 and the selection gate SGD. Owing to this, an induced potential V_(F) accompanying a potential change of the word line WLD0 is induced in the selection gate SGD.

For example, the third potential V₃ and the fourth potential V₄ supplied from the row decoder RD to the selection gates SGD are supplied from lead portions on ends of the selection gates SGD. Therefore, responses of the selection transistors STD located a distance from the end portions are delayed by the parasitic resistance of the selection gate SGD and delay waveforms as indicated by, for example, a potential V_(E) shown in FIG. 4 are generated. In such a case, the potential of the selection gate SGD_(USEL) at the time T₄ does not fall sufficiently. When the induced potential V_(F) is further superimposed on the potential, the selection transistor STD_(USEL) which is supposed to be turned off is turned on. Owing to this, the potential of the semiconductor layer 40 that functions as the channel layer of the selection transistor STD_(USEL) does not become the floating potential, which often causes data to be written to the unselected memory cells MC. Furthermore, the selection transistors STD_(SEL) penetrated by the channel layers (semiconductor layers 40) connected to the bit lines (Inhibit) are turned on, which often causes data to be written to the unselected memory cells MC.

According to the present embodiment, by contrast, the second potential V₂ is supplied to the word line WLD0 at the time T₁ and is kept until the time T₆ as is illustrated in FIG. 3. A potential fluctuation of the word lines WL is thereby shielded and the induced potential VF is not induced to the selection gate SGD. It is, therefore, possible to prevent the selection transistors STD from malfunctioning and prevent data from being erroneously written to the memory cells MC.

It is noted that the timing chart shown in FIG. 3 is given as an example and the timing chart is not always limited to that shown in FIG. 3. For example, the second potential V₂ supplied to the word line WLD0 may be supplied simultaneously with the third potential V₃ and the fourth potential V₄ supplied to the selection gates SGD. Furthermore, the second potential V₂ is supplied to the word line WLD0 preferably before the time T₃ at which the third voltage V₃ and the fourth voltage V₄ are made to fall. Moreover, the second potential V₂ may be also supplied to the word line WLD1 to intensify shielding of the selection gates SGD against the potential fluctuation of the word lines WL.

FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by the memory device 1 according to a first modification of the embodiment. In this example, the second potential V₂ is supplied to the word line WLD0 synchronously with the supply of the third potential V₃ and the fourth potential V₄ to the selection gates SGD. That is, the second potential V₂ is supplied to the word line WLD0 at the time T₂, allowed to fall off at the time, and thereafter maintained at the potential V₂′ lower than the second potential V₂.

The third potential V₃ and the fourth potential V₄ are supplied to the selection gates SGD at the time T₂, and supply thereof is stopped at the time T₃. An inductive effect via the parasitic capacitance C_(DS) between the word line WLD0 and the selection gate SGD causes, for example, the third potential V₃ and the fourth potential V₄ to change with a change in the second potential V₂. It is thereby possible to increase a response speed of the selection transistors STD. This can, in turn, reduce an influence of the parasitic resistances of the selection gates SGD on the selection transistors STD located spaced from the potential supply ends of the selection gates SGD.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second modification of the embodiment. In the memory device 2 shown in FIG. 6, a selection gate SGDT is provided on an uppermost layer of the selection gates SGD. For example, a common potential is supplied from the row decoder RD to a plurality of selection gates SGD stacked on the word lines WL. On the other hand, a fifth potential V₅ different from the potential supplied to the selection gates SGD is supplied to the selection gate SGDT.

FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by the memory device 2. The fifth potential V₅ is supplied to the selection gate SGDT at, for example, the time T₁ and maintained until the time T₆. That is, the fifth potential V₅ is supplied synchronously with, for example, the second potential V₂ supplied to the word line WLD0.

FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a memory device according to a second comparative example. As shown in FIG. 8A, in this example, the selection gate SGDT is not provided and a parasitic capacitance C_(BS) is present between the uppermost layer of the selection gates SGD and the bit lines BL.

FIG. 8B is a timing chart showing an operation performed by the memory device according to the second comparative example. It is assumed, for example, that the selection gate SGD is SGD_(SEL) and the bit lines BL are the bit lines (Inhibit) connected to the channel layers (semiconductor layers 40) shared only among the unselected memory cells MC.

The third potential V₃ is supplied to the selection gate SGD_(SEL) at the time T₂, and allowed to fall at the time T₃. Furthermore, the third potential V₃′ is supplied to the selection gate SGD_(SEL) at the time T₄.

On the other hand, a potential V_(BL) (for example, 0.2 V) is supplied to the bit lines BL (Inhibit). It is often preferable, for example, that supply of the potential V_(BL) to the bit lines (Inhibit) is stopped to make the potential of the bit lines BL (Inhibit) become a floating potential. However, if the supply of the potential V_(BL) is stopped at time T₃′ just after the third potential V₃ is allowed to fall, the potential of the bit lines BL (Inhibit) falls with a fall in the potential of the selection gate SGD_(SEL) because of the parasitic capacitance CBs. Owing to this, the potential of the bit lines BL (Inhibit) falls from the potential V_(BL), resulting in an increase in a potential difference between the semiconductor layers 40 connected to the bit lines BL (Inhibit) and the selection gate SGD_(SEL). This often causes the selection transistors STD to be turned on and data to be erroneously written to the memory cells MC sharing the semiconductor layers 40 connected to the bit lines BL (Inhibit).

The memory device 2, by contrast, can shield the bit lines BL from the selection gate SGD and prevent data from being erroneously written to the memory cells MC by providing the selection gate SGDT. Timing of supplying the fifth potential V₅ to the selection gate SGDT is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 7. The fifth potential V₅ may be supplied at, for example, the time T₂ synchronously with the supply of the third potential V₃. Furthermore, the fifth potential V₅ is supplied to the selection gate SGDT preferably before the time T₃ at which the third potential V₃ is allowed to fall.

FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing an operation performed by the memory device 1 according to a third modification of the embodiment. In this example, a seventh potential V₇ is supplied from the row decoder RD to the word line WLS0 (see FIG. 2B) located between the selection gate SGS and the word line WL. At this time, a sixth potential V₆ is supplied to the selection gates SGS. The sixth potential V₆ is, for example, zero V and the selection transistors STS are turned off. Moreover, a parasitic capacitance C_(SS) (see FIG. 2B) is present between the word line WLS0 and the selection gate SGS.

As shown in FIG. 9, the seventh potential V₇ is supplied at the time T₁ and maintained on until the time T₆. It is thereby possible to shield the selection gates SGS against a potential change of the word lines WL and prevent the selection transistors STS from malfunctioning. That is, it is possible to prevent a potential fluctuation of the selection gates SGS induced by the potential change of the word lines WL and prevent the selection transistors STS from being turned on.

Timing of supplying the seventh potential V₇ to the word line WLS0 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 9. The seventh potential V₇ may be supplied at, for example, the time T₂. The seventh potential V₇ is preferably supplied before the time T₄ at which the first potential V₁ is supplied to the word lines WL. Moreover, the seventh potential V₇ may also be supplied to the word line WLS1 located between the word lines WLS0 and WL to intensify shielding of the selection gates SGS.

While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. 

1-20. (canceled)
 21. A method of writing data into memory cells of a three-dimensional memory array including a first selection gate, a first word line located above the first selection gate, a plurality of second word lines stacked in a first direction above the first word line, a plurality of second selection gates located above the plurality of second word lines and arranged in a second direction crossing the first direction and extending in a third direction crossing the first direction and the second direction, a plurality of columnar bodies each including a semiconductor layer extending through the first selection gate, the first word line, the plurality of second word lines, and a selection gate among the plurality of second selection gates, and a plurality of bit lines located above the pluralities of second selection gates, each of the plurality of bit lines being electrically connected to a columnar body among the plurality of columnar bodies, wherein memory cells are formed between the plurality of second word lines and the plurality of columnar bodies, the method comprising: applying a first potential to a selected second word line of the plurality of second word lines connected to the memory cell to be programmed while a second potential of a first value is being applied to a selected second selection gate among the plurality of second selection gates and a third potential of a second value less than the first value is being applied to any unselected second selection gates among the plurality of second selection gates; applying a fourth potential of a third value greater than the second value to inhibit programming of memory cells connected to bit lines not including the bit line that is connected to the memory cell to be programmed; and applying a fifth potential to the first word line before or simultaneously with application of the fourth potential of the third value to bit lines not including the bit line that is connected to the memory cell to be programmed.
 22. The method according to claim 21, further comprising: applying the first potential having a fourth value to the selected second word line at a first time, then applying the first potential having a fifth value to the selected second word line at a second time after the first time, the fifth value being greater than the fourth value.
 23. The method according to claim 21, wherein the first selection gate is maintained at a voltage of
 0. 24. The method according to claim 21, wherein the fifth potential is applied to the first word line before the application of the fourth potential to bit lines not including a bit line that is connected to the memory cell to be programmed.
 25. The method according to claim 21, wherein the fifth potential is applied to the first word line simultaneously with the application of the fourth potential to bit lines not including a bit line that is connected to the memory cell to be programmed. 